Duke-Elder multiple choice questions V
1. Increase risk of open angle glaucoma occurs in:
a. history of traumatic hyphaema
b. Sturge-Weber's syndrome
c. carotid-cavernous fistula
d. rubeotic iridis
e. nanophthalmos


2. Pan-retinal photocoagulation:

a. can be achieved with YAG laser
b. involves destruction of the nerve fibre layer
c. causes retina pigment epithelium hyperplasia
d. is a cause of choroidal effusion
e. causes macular oedema
3. The following are true about choroid and retinal blood circulation:
a. choroidal circulation supplies the retinal pigment epithelium
b. choroidal circulation supplies the photoreceptors
c. choroidal circulation is derived from the posterior ciliary arteries
d. retinal circulation supplies the macula
e. cilioretinal artery arises from the retinal circulation
4. Proptosis occurs in:
a. maxillary antral infection
b. middle ear disease
c. sphenoidal ridge meningioma
d. thyroid eye disease
e. frontal mucocele
 
5. Dry eyes:
a. is exacerbated by topical beta-blockers
b. is associated with benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
c. occurs in SLE
d. nasolacrimal obstruction
e. occurs in patients taking MAO inhibitor
6. ARMD (age-related macular degeneration):

          a. cause glare
          b. is a cause of subretinal neovascularisation
          c. causes macular exudate
          d. is a common cause of peripheral visual field loss
          e. is more common in European than African

7. Holmes-Adie pupil:

          a. is hydroxyamphetamine sensitive
          b. does not react to accommodation
          c. knee jerk may be absent
          d. is more common in female than male
          e. is associated with abnormal iris movement visible on slit-lamp
 

8. In diabetic retinopathy:

          a. the incidence is related to duration of diabetes mellitus
          b. severity is related to control of diabetes
          c. presence of IRMA (intraretinal microvascular abnormalities)
              is caused by new vascularization
          d. involvement of the macular is more common in type I than 
              type II diabetes mellitus
          e. the incidence of neovascularization is reduced in advanced glaucoma

9. Vitreous haemorrhage:
 

          a. results in loss of red reflex
          b. can be caused by leukaemia
          c. can precipitate 'ghost cell' glaucoma
          d. in the presence of posterior vitreous haemorrhage is associated with
              a high incidence of retinal tear
          e. in baby may be caused by non-accidental injury

10. The following are true about  branch retinal vein occlusion:

a. it is associated with hypertension
b. it causes retinal neovascularization
c. it gives rise to macular oedema which is the most common cause
   of visual loss
d. laser is useful in treating macular oedema
e. it is more common than branch retinal artery occlusion 
More past Duke-Elder MCQs