1. Descemet’s membrane
a. stains positive with PAS stain
b. has a posterior banded zone on electron microscopy
c. continues to grow throughout
d. thickened in bullous keratopathy
2. Retinoblastoma
a. usually discovered in teens
b. spreads by lymphatics
c. needs only 1 mutation to causes disease
d. vitreous seeding is not the most important prognostic
factor
3. Conjunctival pigmentation
a. may be due to total hyphaema
b. agyrosis
c. may be due to exposure to chlorpromazine
4. Melanoma
a. always due to intradermal naevus
b. has better prognosis in limbal area than bulbar conjunctiva
c. metastasis via lymphatics
5. Juvenile xanthogranuloma
a. is neoplastic
b. has multinucleate cells
6. Neovascularisation of the iris
a. POAG
b. uveitis
c. trauma
d. retinoblastoma
e. CRAO
7. Acanthamoeba
a. can be prevented in CLW by immersing in thiomersal
solution
b. cultured on non-nutrient media overlaid with E.coli
c. usually assoc with secondary bacterial infection
d. causes corneal perineural infiltrates
e. has lymphocytic infiltrates
8. Chlamydia trachomatis conjunctivitis
a. may be associated with arthropathy and uveitis
b. treated with topical neomycin
c. has multinucleate giant cells
9. Plasmids
a. only in gram positive bacteria
b. codes for bacterial resistance
c. occurs in bacterial genome
d. may be characterised in difft species
10. Diffusible substances in Streptococcus pyogenes
a. lysozyme
b. hyaluronidase
c. fibrinolysin
d. pyrogenic exotoxins
e. coagulase
11. Immunoglobulins
a. has 5 different heavy chains
b. has light chains of either ? or ?
c. chains joined by dipeptide bonds
d. Fab fragment activates complements
e. Only IgG cross placenta
12. Antibiotics that affect cell wall synthesis
a. Polymyxin
b. Cephalosporin
c. Tetracycline
d. Bactrim
e. Erythromycin
13. NSAIDS
a. no significant effect in IOP lowering
b. no significant effect in inflammatory reaction in infections
c. prevent intraoperative mydriasis
d. may aggravate bleeding tendencies
e. systemic effects when used topically is not significant
14. Autoclaving
a. wet steam at 100oC, preferable in vacuum
b. dry heat requires higher temperature
c. suitable for disposable needles, gloves
d. ideal for retina cryoprobe
e. not suitable for sharp instruments
15. Cyclopentolate
a. solutions used are 5% or 10%
b. better in dark irides
c. mydriasis and cycloplegia in 20-30 mins
d. effect may last 24 hrs
e. may cause psychiatric effects in children
16. Needles
a. round body for corneal wounds
b. reversed cutting for conjunctiva so that conjunctiva
does not tear
c. spatulated for corneoscleral wounds
d. 180o needle ideal for suturing nasal mucosal and
nasolacrimal duct flap in DCR
e. does not matter for skin sutures
17. 6? nylon
a. dissolves in 3 months
b. may be used in eyelid lacerations
c. sterilised in ethylene oxide
18. Sterilisation
a. autoclaving best with wet steam in vacuum
b. pasteurisation requires boiling to 100oC
19. Antifungals
a. intravenous flucytosine penetrates anterior chamber well
b. miconazole used intravenous and intravitreal, but not topically
20. Agents may be used for bacterial keratitis of unknown agent
a. ciprofloxacin
b. bactrim
c. polymyxin
d. amoxycillin
e. erythromycin
21. Timolol
a. decreases corneal sensation
b. decreases aqueous production
c. agents with intrinsic sympathetic activity (ISA) cause
further cardiodepression
d. cause cataracts
22. Corneal transplant
a. 90% rejection in 1st year
b. previous pregnancy increases rejection
c. previous blood transfusion increases rejection
d. vascularisation before rejection
23. Cataracts caused by
a. steroids
b. psoriasis
c. atopy
d. microwave radiation
24. Benign intracranial hypertension
a. vitamin A
b. steroids
c. ethambutol
d. tetracycline
25. Conjunctival papillae
a. < 1.0cm
b. only in palpebral conjunctiva
c. has central fibrovascular core
d. has granulomas
e. has T lymphocytes
26. Tetanus toxoid
a. cause hypersensitive reaction
b. immunity to organism
c. is active immunity
d. usually involves genetic engineering
27. T lymphocytes
a. circulating T lymphocytes normally more than B
lymphocytes
b. in paracortical region of lymph node
c. found in zone around germinal centre
d. source of IL1
e. source of IL2
28. Acetylcholine
a. effects last 30 mins when injected intraoperatively
b. solution used is 10%
29. Ecothiophate (Phospholine)
a. is a cholinesterase inhibitor
b. causes iris cysts
c. used for eyebrow lice
d. topically decreases lacrimal secretions
30. Chloroquine
a. maculopathy
b. cataract
c. subepithelial corneal deposits
d. optic atrophy
31. Vasodilation
a. serotonin
b. bradykinin
c. LTB4
d. prostaglandins
e. histamine
32. IgE
a. vernal conjunctivitis
b. adenoviral conjunctivitis
c. chlamydial trachoma
d. bullous pemphigoid
33. Acute inflammatory reaction
a. vasodilation
b. T-lymphocytes
c. transudation
d. polymorphis (neutrophils)
34. Toxoplasma
a. active ocular toxoplasma infection has high antibody
titres
b. cat is intermediate host
c. is extracellular parasite
d. diagnosed with toxoplasma antibodies
e. treatment with pyrimethamine requires folinic acid
35. Has ocular disease
a. Onchocerca
b. Paragonimus westermanii
c. Ascaris lumbricodes
d. Trichinella spiralis
e. Schistosoma haematobium
36. Chalazion
a. wall is same as tarsal gland
b. contains multinucleate giant cells
c. has lymphocytic infiltrate
d. forms granulomas
37. Hyperviscosity
a. circulating cryoglobulins
b. monoclonal gammopathy
c. myelofibrosis
38. Vitamin C deficiency causes
a. thrombosis
b. haemorrhage
c. poor wound healing
39. Poor wound healing
a. liver disease
b. hypoproteinaemia
c. anaemia
d. vitamin K deficiency
40. Lacrimal gland
a. Benign mixed tumours show local invasion
b. Adenoid cystic tumour usually in younger patients
c. Adenoid cystic tumour is well encapsulated
d. Benign mixed tumour may show adenocarcinomatous change