Common Cardiovascular Cases
Like the neurological examination, the most common cases are those with associated eye signs. Therefore, you are likely to be given cardiovascular cases in which there are risk of thrombo-embolic phenomenon.

Observe any surgical scar on the thorax, the presence of which suggest previous valvular operation. Check the pulse for atrial fibrillation. Listen to the heart for murmur due to left sided valvular lesion and the presence of prosthetic heart valve.

If you were asked to examine the eye after the cardiovascular examination, the patient is likely to have one of the following:
 

      • homonymous hemianopia / quadrantinopia from CVA
      • central / branch retinal artery occlusion
      • Marfan's syndrome with dislocated lens
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