1. Retinitis pigmentosa:
a. results in a n abnormal EOG with a normal ERG
b. can be regional or diffuse
c. is most severe in autosomal dominant disease
d. can result in early visual loss from macular oedema
e. can be associated with deafness
2. Sulphur hexafluoride:
a. is used to tamponade a retinal break
b. has a longer half life than perfluoropropane
c. has a lower lower surface tension than silicone
d. expands to about five times its volume in 24 hours
e. can cause cataract
3. A circumferential buckle:
a. is indicated if there are multiple breaks in several
quadrants
b. may cause fishmouthing of a retinal break
c. is preferably used in combination with a radial buckle
d. tends to cause less volume displacement than a radial
buckle
e. can be supported by lamellar scleral flaps instead of
sutures
4. Drainage of subretinal fluid:
a. is indicated if there is significant vitreoretinal traction
b. should be performed as close to the retinal hole as
possible
c. can help to localize the retinal hole
d. is useful for softening the eye
e. should be performed before buckling
5. With iris tumours, risk factors for tumour growth are:
a. tumour vasculairty
b. medial location
c. ectropion
d. extension to angle
e. glaucoma
6. Uveal melanoma:
a. rarely occurs in children
b. is commoner in whites than blacks
c. can cause dilatation of the episcleral vessels
d. tends to metastasize to the liver
e. tends to show optic nerve invasion
7. Subretinal nevoascularization:
a. can occur in choroidal melanomas
b. occurs in retinitis pigmentosa
c. is successfully treated by laser in most cases
d. is stimulated by vasoproliferative factors produced in
response to choroidal ischaemia
e. results in serous detachment, hard exudates,
haemorrhage and degeneration of the photoreceptors
8. After penetrating ocular trauma:
a. all prolapsed uveal tissue should be excised to
prevent sympathetic opthalmia
b. scleral wounds extending posterior to the rectus
muscle insertions have worse prognosis than
corneoscleral laceration ending anterior to the
rectus
c. epithelial downgrowth is a complication
d. phacoanaphylactic glaucoma is a complication if the
lens capsule is damaged
e. all intraocular foreign body should be removed.
9. Conditions associated with poliosis include:
a. Behcet's disease
b. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
c. sympathetic ophthalmia
d. leprosy
e. ocular albinism
10. Eyelid retraction occurs in:
a. facial nerve palsy
b. thyroid eye disease
c. use of iodipine
d. Parinaud's syndrome
e. tricyclic antidepressants