1. The direct ophthalmoscope
a. in an aphakic the image is magnified 15 times
b. an object in the vitreous moves with the ophthalmoscope
by the parallax effect
c. has greater magnification in myopia
d. can estimate central fixation
e. contains lenses which can be used to check a patient's
refractive status
2. A medial opacity causes symptoms if:
a. it is static
b. the pupil is small
c. in dim light and a dark adapted eye
d. an umbra
e. if it is near the retina
3. Safety glasses:
a. if laminated, do not have sharp edges when shattered
b. if laminated, can only be made with a spherical and not a
cylindrical correction
c. if toughened, are made by slow heating and slow cooling
d. if toughened, crumble rather than shatter
e. are made of polymethylacrylate
4. Total internal reflection is used in:
a. the Goldman goniolens
b. the Wollaston prism
c. a fibreoptic intraocular light source
d. the slit lamp
e. Porro prisms invert the image through 180 degrees
5. Polarization of light:
a. depends on the refraction index of the material
b. depends on the angle of incidence
c. is used in the operating microscope
d. light reflected from plane surfaces is partially polarized
e. is used in pleoptics
6. The Hruby lens:
a. produces an inverted image
b. produces a laterally transposed image
c. produces a magnified image
d. is a contact lens
e. has a power of 60D
7. Keratometry:
a. uses the second Purkinje image
b. uses a plane mirror
c. utilizes a Wollaston prism to bring about total internal reflection
of light
d. measures the curvature of the whole cornea
e. is useful in irregular astigmatism
8. A 40 year old myope with a refractive error of -10D in both eyes
changes
from spectacles to contact lenses:
a. the field of vision increases
b. the aberration decreases
c. the image is reduced
d. the convergence is reduced
e. presbyopia becomes more apparent
9. Ultraviolet light:
a. is absorbed by the cornea
b. has a wavelength between 1-400nm approximately
c. is absorbed by Crown glass
d. stimulates fluorescence
e. is ionizing radiation
10. A hypermetrope with a +10D glasses:
a. if decentered temporally by 5 mm results in a base out
prism effect
b. an equivalent contact lens is of power +10D
c. slipping the glasses down the nose increases the effectivity
of the glasses
d. may see images with a pin-cushion effect
e. flattening the cornea will reduce the hypermetropia.