1. Cylindrical lenses:
a. can be used as a low visual aid
b. resolve a line source into a point image
c. result in a line image that is parallel to the axis of the lens
d. comprise a Maddox rod
e. are used with the Lang stereotest
2. Low visual aids:
a. the Galilean telescope increase the object size subtended
by the eye
b. the astronomical telescope produces an inverted image
c. the Galilean telescope has a concave objective and a
convex eyepiece
d. simple magnifiers are most effective at their focal distance
e. a positive spectacle lens and a negative contact lens could
cause magnification
3. Jackson's cross cylinders:
a. the handle is at 450 to the axis
b. with a +0.5 D sphere has a cylinder of -0.5
c. the total cylinder is -0.5 if the handle is designated 1.00
d. the power of the sphere is affected by the axis of
the cross cylinder
e. the handle designates the cylinder power
4. The stenopaeic slit:
a. is used to determine the power of the sphere
b. can determine the best vision in a certain axis
c. can help determine the position of an iridotomy in corneal
scarring
d. is used to determine the spherical correct in different axes
e. works by the longitudinal diffraction pattern principle
5. Spasm of accommodation:
a. results in presbyopia
b. can masquerade myopia
c. occurs more frequently in hypermetropia
d. causes convergence insufficiency
e. can be alleviated by miotics
6. Retinoscopy on a -2.00D myope at 2/3 meters:
a. has a neutral pint with -0.5D
b. has an against movement with +4.0D
c. neutralization occurs at -2.0D
d. with no lenses has an against movement
e. neutralization occurs at 0.5 m with no lenses
7. Comparing indirect and direct ophthalmoscopy:
a. the refractive error is more significant with the direct
b. the field of view is greatest with the indirect
c. magnification with the direct is 15 times that with the
indirect and 20D lens
d. the teaching mirror on the indirect works on the principle
of total internal reflection
e. the image is laterally transposed with the indirect
8. The cover test:
a. the alternate cover test dissociates more than the cover/uncover
b. the uncovered eye moves in latent deviations
c. a false negative can result from an uncorrected refractive error
d. is used to assess manifest deviations
e. is performed at three distances
9. Resolution in the normal eye:
a. depends on cone separation
b. can be tested with Sheridan-Gardner test
c. depends on the Airy Circles being concentric
d. is 6/6 or better
e. is about 10' of arc
10. Mirrors:
a. the principle of a plane mirror effect is used in pachometery
b. the rear view mirror is concave
c. a parabolic mirror is used in search lights
d. a concave mirror has more spherical aberrations than
a convex lens
e. an object inside the focal point of a convex mirror is magnified.