Test 23

1. Second-order Horner's syndrome occurs in the following conditions:

a. Pancoast tumour

b. carotid artery dissection

c. thyroidectomy

d. syringobulbia

e. ophthalmic artery aneurysm
 

Answer
a. T   b.F   c.F   d.F   e.F
Second-order Horner's syndrome occurs in Pancoast 
tumour. Third-order Horner's syndrome occurs in 
thyroidectomy, carotid artery dissection and ophthalmic 
artery aneurysm. Syringobulbia causes first-order Horner's syndrome.
 

2. Features of congenital Horner's syndrome include:

a. epiphora

b. iris heterochromia

c. poor levator function

d. poliosis

e. increased intraocular pressure
 

Answer
a.F   b.T   c.F   d.F   e.F
Iris heterochromia in the presence of signs of Horner's syndrome ie. mild ptosis, miosis and apparent enophthalmos is suggestive of congenital Horner's syndrome.

3. Increased anisocoria in the dark occurs in:

a. Horner's syndrome

b. traumatic mydriasis

c. Adie's pupil

d. miosis due to posterior synechiae

e. third nerve palsy

 
Answer
a.T   b.F   c.F   d.T   e.F
In the dark, the normal pupil dilates. Therefore, if the abnormal pupil is small, the difference is exaggerated ie. in Horner's syndrome and uveitic miosis.

4. Structures that appear bright on T-2 weighted MRI include:

a. muscle

b. fat

c. infarct

d. white mater

e. acute subdural haematoma
 

Answer
a.F   b.F   c.T   d.F   e.F
On T-2 weighted MRI the following structures appear bright:
grey matter
CSF
MS plaque
infarct
tumour
abscess
cyst
subacute subdural haematoma.

5. The following structures appear bright on T-1 weighted MRI scan:

a. white mater

b. infarct

c. water

d. muscle

e. fat

Answer
a.T   b.F  c.F   d.F   e.T
In T-1 weighted MRI scan, the following structures appear bright:
white matter
fat
subacute subdural haematoma
Muscle appears dark in both T-1 and T-2 weighted MRI.

 

 

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