1. The following substances show birefrigence: 

a. gout

b. calcium pyrophosphate

c. amyloid

d. cholesterol

e. haemosiderin
 

Answera.T   b.T   c.T   d.F  e.F
Birefrigence means the substances can polarize a light into two beams.

2. The following are true: 

a. Wedl cells occur in patients on chronic steroid use 

b. glaucoflecken are found in the posterior surface of the lens

c. Elschnig's pearl arises from cortical remains of the lens

d. Soemerring's ring causes posterior capsule opacities

e. duplication of the lens epithelium occurs in siderosis

Answera.T   b.F   c.F   d.F   e.F
Wedl or bladder cells occur in posterior subcapsular cataract as seen in chronic steroid use.
Glaucoflecken occurs in acute glaucoma and is the
result of anterior lens epithelium necrosis. Therefore,
it is found in the anterior subcapsular space.
Elschnig's pearl arises from the epithelium found in the equator of the lens. Soemerring's ring results from incompletely removed cortex following cataract surgery.
Siderosis causes necrosis of the lens epithelium.

3. Nanophthalmos is associated with: 

a. myopia

b. thickened sclera

c. thickened lens diameter

d. open angle glaucoma

e. uveal effusion syndrome

Answera.F   b.T   c.F   d.T   e.T
Nanophthalmos refers to globe with abnormally reduced size. However, the lens is normal. 
The sclera is thickened and is associated with uveal effusion syndrome.
Glaucoma is common and may be open or angle-closure

4. The following are true about retinocytoma: 

a. it is the result of spontaneous regression of retinoblastoma

b. necrosis is a common feature

c. Homer-Wright rosettes are common

d. mitosis is rare  

e. calcification does not occur

Answera.F   b.F   c.F   d.T   e.F
Retinocytoma is regarded by some as a benign form of retinoblastoma.
It is characterized by the presence of flurettes, absence
of mitosis, calcification may be present but necrosis is rare unlike retinoblastoma.

a

5. Oil red O stain is positive in:

a. sebaceous cell carcinoma

b. xanthelasma

c. chalazion

d. crystalline dystrophy of schnyder

e. arcus senilis
 

Answera.T   b.T   c.T   d.T   e.T
Oil red O stains positive for lipid and therefore will be positive in all the above conditions which contains fat or cholesterol.