1. With regard to giant cells: 

a. they are the hallmark of granulomatous lesion

b. they are derived from macrophages

c. foreign body giant cells occur in chalazion

d. Langhan's giant cells occur in sarcoidosis

e. Langhan's giant cells occur in tuberculosis
 

Answera.F   b.T   c.T   d.T  e.T
Epitheloid not giant cells are the hallmark of granulomatous lesion.

2. The following are of prognostic importance in choroidal melanoma: 

a. presence of retinal detachment

b. size of the tumour

c. location of the tumour

d. presence of blood vessels within the tumour

e. types of tumour cells

Answera.F   b.T   c.T   d.F   e.T
Factors that affect prognosis in choroidal melanoma include:
cytology of the tumour cell
location of the tumour
size of the tumour
presence of extraocular extension

3. In pthisis bulbi: 

a. the intraocular pressure is reduced

b. calcification of the lens is common

c. the sclera is thickened

d. the size of the globe is reduced

e. the retinal pigment epithelium undergoes osseous metaplasia

Answera.T   b.T   c.T   d.T   e.T
In phthisis bulbi, the globe is reduced in size and disorganized.

4. Common features of retinoblastoma include: 

a. high mitotic figures

b. calfication

c. necrosis

d. presence of extracellular DNA 

e. neovascularization

Answera.T   b.T   c.T   d.T   e.F
Retinoblastoma has high mitotic figures and the rapid 
growth results in necrosis of the tumour and extravasation of the DNA materials especially into the adjacent blood vessels. Calcification is common.

a

5. Optic glioma:

a. has a peak incidence in the middle age

b. is associated with type I neurofibromatosis

c. arises from the oligodendrocytes

d. causes meningeal hyperplasia

e. contains Rosenthal fibres which are essential for its 
    diagnosis
 

Answera.F   b.T   c.F   d.T   e.F
The tumour is commonest in the first decade of life.
It arises from the astrocytes. Rosenthal fibres are 
characteristic but not essential for its diagnosis.