1. Parakeratosis occurs in: 

a. actinic keratosis

b. seborrheic keratosis

c. squamous cell carcinoma

d. molluscum contagiosum

e. basal cell carcinoma
 

Answera.T   b.F   c.T   d.F  e.F
Parakeratosis refers to the presence of neuclei in the keratin layer. It results from shortened turn-over of the epidermis. 

2. Multiple basal cell carcinoma is a feature in the following conditions: 

a. Gardner's syndrome

b. Gorlin's syndrome

c. Cowden's disease 

d. xeroderma pigmentosa

e. Muir-Torre's syndrome

Answera.F   b.T   c.F   d.T   e.F
In Gardner's syndrome, there is congenital RPE hypertrophy associated with internal malignancy mainly colonic adenocarcinoma.
Cowden's disease is multiple trichilemmomas associated with breast carcinoma and fibrous hamartomas of thyroid, breast and gastrointestinal tract.
Muir-Torre's syndrome is multiple keratoacanthoma or 
sebaceous adenoma and carcinoma associated with colonic carcinoma.

3. The following stains are used to stain amyloid: 

a. crystal violet

b. thioflavin T

c. Verhoeff von Gieson

d. von Kossa

e. Perl's stain

Answera.T   b.T   c.F   d.F   e.F
Crystal violet stains amyloid purple and thioflavin T gives amyloid a yellow fluorescent.

4. The following is true about orbital neuroblastoma:

a. it is the result of metastasis

b. bilaterality is rare

c. it is most commonly found at the zygoma

d. lid ecchymosis is common because the tumour is highly 
    vascular 

e. Homer-Wright's rosettes can be found in the tumour

Answera.T   b.F   c.T   d.T  e.T
Neuroblastoma in the orbit is the result of metastasis. Bilaterality is found in 50% of cases. 

a

5. Lisch's nodules in neurofibromatosis:

a. are found in both type I and type II neurofibromatosis

b. are iris naevi

c. are found at the edge of the iris

d. are highly vascular

e. show malignant transformation in one-third of cases
 

Answera.F   b.T   c.F  d.F   e.F
Lisch's nodules are found only in type I neurofibromatosis.
They are iris naevi which are elevated above the plane of the normal iris.
They rarely show malignant transformation.