What abnormalities may be seen on slit-lamp examination?

Answer
The ultrasound reveals posterior bowing of the iris (concave iris). 
This can result in rubbing of the posterior iris against the lens leading
to liberation of pigment into the anterior chamber as in this patient.
Findings on slit-lamp include:
Krukenberg's spindle in the endothelium
Mid-peripheral transillumination
Pigments on the lens, zonules and iris and in the trabecular meshwork
Anisocoria if there is asymmetric involvement
 

What are the risk factors for developing glaucoma?

Answer
The risk factors are male gender, high myopia, presence of 
Krukenberg's spindle and black race (although the incidence
is rare in black patient, the risk of glaucoma is higher in those
with pigment dispersion syndrome).
Farrar SM, Shields MB, Miller KN, Stoup CM: Risk factors
for the development and severity of glaucoma in the pigment dispersion syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 108:223, 1989. 
 

What is the incidence of glaucoma in this patient?

Answer
A long-term study shows that about 1/3 of patients develops 
glaucoma.
Migliazzo CV, Shaffer RN, Nykin R, Magee S: Long-term 
analysis of pigmentary dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma. Ophthalmology 93:1528, 1986.

 

Is there a genetic basis for this condition?

Answer
Studies show pigment dispersion syndrome has an autosomal 
dominant pattern of inheritance.
Mandelkorn RM, Hoffman ME, Olander KW, et al: Inheritance 
and the pigmentary dispersion syndrome. Ann Ophthalmol 15:577, 1983. 
 

What retina abnormalities may be seen?

Answer
The patients have an increased incidence of lattice degeneration
and retinal breaks and a higher incidence of retinal detachment 
than the general population. This is probably related to the fact
that most patients with pigment dispersion syndrome are myopic rather than the disease itself.