January 1999
1. Write short notes on the differences between the structure
of viruses, bacteria and
chlamydia
2. Write short notes on the principles of sterilization
3. What histological features influence the prognosis
of a tumour? Use an example
from the eye to illustrate your answer.
4. Draw the structure of an immunoglobulin molecule. List
three function of these
molecules.
5. Write short notes on the organization and connections
of the lateral geniculate
nucleus.
6. Write short notes on autoregulation and blood flow
7. List the action so the extraocular muscles, and list
the differences between the
extraocular muscles an other skeletal
muscles.
8. Draw a diagram of the drainage angle and write short
notes on the anatomy of the
structure.
9. Write short notes on the polymerase chain reaction.
10. Write short notes on the pharmacology of cycloplegic
drugs
11. Write short notes on the side effects of aminoglycosides
12. Define:
a. standard deviation
b. standard error of the mean
c. a 95% confidence interval
April 1999
1. What precautions would be undertaken to prevent the
spread of Methicillin
Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus infection
from patient to patient on an
ophthalmic ward.
2. Describe how antigen is presented to T lymphocytes
3. Write short notes on the changes that occur on the
vascular endothelial surface in
an acute inflammatory reaction
4. List the major roles of complement
5. Compare and contrast the pathological features and
behaviour of basal cell and
squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
6. Write short notes on the magnocellular and parvocellular
pathways relating to
visual function
7. Compare scotopic and photopic vision. Specify the differences
between rod and
cone function.
8. Write short notes on the anatomy of the third nerve
nucleus.
9. Describe the structure and function of the conjunctiva.
10. Write short notes on the side effects of beta blockers
11. Write short notes on the mode of action of drugs that
lower blood glucose.
12. What is a chromosomal translocation? Illustrate your
answer with one example
which is associated with
ocular disease.
October, 1999
1. Write short notes on the arterial supply of the anterior
segment of the eye
2. Describe the structure and function of mitochondria
3. Draw a diagram of the lacrimal drainage system and
describe its relations
4. Draw a dark adaptation curve and identify the component
parts and their
significance
5. Write short notes on the principles of intraocular
pressure measurement.
6. Draw a diagram of the normal retinal capillary. How
is the structure altered in
diabetes.
7. Write short notes on the factors determining penetration
of drugs applied to the eye
8. Write short notes on carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
9. Write short notes on viral replication
10. List the important structural differences between
gram negative and gram positive
organisms. How do these structural
differences influence susceptibility to
antibiotics?
11. Write short notes on histocompatability antigens and
list 3 examples of disease
associations.
12. Write short notes on genetic linkage analysis. Give
an example.